Snakes in Missouri: Show-Me State Slitherers

Are you ready for a wild, slithery adventure? Missouri is home to some real serpent superstars, boasting a surprising variety of 41 different snake species.

From the venomous bad boys to the harmless, friendly neighbors, there’s something for every snake lover to discover. And hey, some of these guys might just be lining up right in your backyard.

So, grab a notebook and let’s embark on this serpentine journey together. Get ready to meet the 41 darn cool reptiles that make Missouri their home.

#	Name	Details	Image
1	Banded Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Gray to reddish-brown with dark crossbands Habitat: Aquatic habitats, such as lakes, rivers, and swamps Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
2	Black Kingsnake (Lampropeltis nigra)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Solid black with white speckles Habitat: Woodlands, forests, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
3	Brownsnake (Pseudonaja textilis)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Light brown to dark brown, sometimes reddish Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, and urban areas Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
4	Coachwhip Snake (Masticophis flagellum)	Size: Up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) Color: Variety of colors, including tan, brown, pink, and black Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
5	Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)	Size: Up to 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) Color: Green or brown with three yellow stripes Habitat: Wet and moist habitats, including marshes, fields, and forests Behaviour: Diurnal, active, hibernates in winter
6	Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus)	Size: 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or black with dark bands Habitat: Swamps, marshes, rivers, and ponds Behaviour: Semi-aquatic, nocturnal, and aggressive when threatened
7	Diamond-backed Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer)	Size: 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) Color: Olive-green or brown with dark diamond patterns Habitat: Freshwater habitats, lakes, rivers, and swamps Behaviour: Diurnal, nocturnal, and good swimmer
8	Eastern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix)	Size: Up to 3 feet (90 centimeters) Color: Reddish-brown with hourglass-shaped bands Habitat: Forests, swamps, and river bottoms Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
9	Eastern Fox Snake (Pantherophis gloydi)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Yellowish or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Wetlands, meadows, and woodland edges Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
10	Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos)	Size: 20-33 inches (51-84 cm) Color: Highly variable, typically brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and sandy areas Behaviour: Diurnal, known for playing dead when threatened
11	Eastern Racer (Coluber constrictor)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Black, blue-gray, or brown with a white or pale underbelly Habitat: Wide range of habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and coastal areas Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
12	Flat-headed Snake (Tantilla gracilis)	Size: 7-12 inches (18-30 cm) Color: Brown or reddish-brown with black head and yellow neck band Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
13	Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Yellow, brown, or cream with dark spots Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, forests, and agricultural areas Behaviour: Diurnal and burrow-dwelling
14	Graham’s Crayfish Snake (Regina grahamii)	Size: 18-42 inches (46-107 cm) Color: Brown or olive-brown with dark spots Habitat: Wetlands, lakes, ponds, and slow-moving streams Behaviour: Aquatic, nocturnal, and secretive
15	Great Plains Rat Snake (Pantherophis emoryi)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Gray or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and open woodlands Behaviour: Primarily nocturnal and terrestrial
16	Green Water Snake (Natrix cyclopion)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Greenish-brown with dark markings Habitat: Wetland habitats, including swamps, marshes, and ponds Behaviour: Nocturnal and semiaquatic
17	Kirtland’s Snake (Clonophis kirtlandii)	Size: Up to 24 inches (60 centimeters) Color: Gray or brown with red or orange belly and black spots Habitat: Wet meadows, prairies, marshes, and woodland edges Behaviour: Secretive, burrowing, and spends much of its time underground
18	Lined Snake (Tropidoclonion lineatum)	Size: Up to 20 inches (51 cm) Color: Gray or tan with dark stripes Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and urban areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
19	Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus)	Size: 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark banding Habitat: Grasslands, marshes, and woodland areas Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and terrestrial
20	Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum)	Size: 20 to 60 inches (50 to 150 cm) Color: Red or orange with black and white bands Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
21	Mud Snake (Farancia abacura)	Size: 30-81 inches (76-206 cm) Color: Black with red or pinkish-red crossbands Habitat: Swamps, marshes, and other wetland habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and semi-aquatic
22	Northern Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands or blotches Habitat: Aquatic habitats, such as rivers, lakes, ponds, and marshes Behaviour: Nocturnal and semi-aquatic
23	Plain-bellied Watersnake (Nerodia erythrogaster)	Size: 24-40 inches (61-102 cm) Color: Olive, brown, or gray with a yellow, orange, or red unmarked belly Habitat: Rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands Behaviour: Semi-aquatic, diurnal, and good swimmers
24	Plains Garter Snake (Thamnophis radix)	Size: 16-28 inches (41-71 cm) Color: Brown or gray with yellow or orange stripes Habitat: Grasslands, wetlands, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, good swimmers, and semi-aquatic
25	Prairie Kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster)	Size: 30-42 inches (76-107 cm) Color: Gray or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, farmlands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
26	Pygmy Rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius)	Size: Up to 24 inches (61 centimeters) Color: Gray, tan, or reddish-brown with dark blotches Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, floodplains, and wetlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
27	Red-Bellied Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata)	Size: 8-16 inches (20-41 cm) Color: Gray or brown with a red or orange belly Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and wetlands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and terrestrial
28	Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus)	Size: 12-15 inches (30-38 centimeters) Color: Gray or dark brown with yellow or orange ring around the neck Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive, often hiding under rocks or logs
29	Rough Earth Snake (Virginia striatula)	Size: Up to 10-14 inches (25-35 cm) Color: Brown or gray with smooth scales Habitat: Wooded or grassy areas, often near water sources Behaviour: Secretive and burrow-dwelling
30	Rough Green Snake (Opheodrys aestivus)	Size: 22-32 inches (56-81 cm) Color: Bright green with a lighter belly Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and areas near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal, arboreal, and good climbers
31	Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea)	Size: Up to 20-30 inches (50-76 cm) Color: Red or orangish with black bands and a white or yellowish underbelly Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and suburban areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
32	Smooth Earth Snake (Virginia valeriae)	Size: 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) Color: Brown or gray with a lighter belly Habitat: Forests, woodlands, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
33	Smooth Green Snake (Opheodrys vernalis)	Size: 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) Color: Bright green with a lighter belly Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, and open woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and good climbers
34	Speckled Kingsnake (Lampropeltis holbrooki)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Tan or light brown with dark brown or black speckles Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
35	Timber Rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Yellow, brown, gray, or black with dark bands Habitat: Forests, mixed woodlands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Solitary and ambush predator
36	Western Foxsnake (Pantherophis ramspotti)	Size: 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 meters) Color: Light brown to golden brown with dark brown to black blotches Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, and farmlands Behaviour: Mainly nocturnal and good climbers
37	Western Ground Snake (Sonora semiannulata)	Size: Up to 20 inches (51 cm) Color: Brown, reddish, or gray with wide bands Habitat: Desert, grasslands, scrublands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
38	Western Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus)	Size: Up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters) Color: Brown or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, prairies, and semi-arid environments Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial, known for its characteristic “hognose” and playing dead when threatened
39	Western Rat Snake (Pantherophis obsoletus)	Size: Up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) Color: Gray or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
40	Western Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis proximus)	Size: 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) Color: Black or dark brown with three bright yellow or white stripes Habitat: Semi-aquatic habitats, wetlands, marshes, and grasslands near water Behaviour: Diurnal, swift, and good swimmer
41	Western Wormsnake (Carphophis vermis)	Size: Up to 14 inches (35.5 cm) Color: Brown to black on the back and pink or light brown on the belly Habitat: Deciduous forests, grasslands, and suburban areas with moist soil Behaviour: Secretive, nocturnal, and burrowing

41 Snakes You Can Find in Missouri

In the state of Missouri, a fascinating array of serpents can be found slithering through its diverse landscapes. From venomous to harmless, each species has its unique story to tell. Below, we’ll explore the wonders of these often misunderstood creatures of Missouri, from their natural habitats and behaviors to the challenges they face in our changing world.

1. Banded Water Snake

The Banded Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata) is a non-venomous, semi-aquatic reptile growing up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length. Known for its distinctive dark crossbands on a gray to reddish-brown body, it thrives in aquatic habitats like lakes, rivers, and swamps. They are nocturnal predators feasting on frogs, fish, and small invertebrates. Mating season sees these snakes laying eggs in clutches of 10-40. Currently, the Banded Water Snake’s conservation status is classified as least concern.

2. Black Kingsnake

The Black Kingsnake (Lampropeltis nigra) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) long, featuring a solid black color with white speckles. Commonly found in woodlands, forests, and grasslands of Missouri, these nocturnal and terrestrial creatures have a diverse diet including mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 5-20. Currently, their conservation status is listed as least concern, indicating a stable population in the wild.

3. Brownsnake

The Eastern Brown Snake (Pseudonaja textilis) is a large, highly venomous snake species, reaching sizes of up to 7 feet (2.1 meters). Its color ranges from light brown to dark brown, and occasionally reddish hues. Inhabiting grasslands, woodlands, and urban areas, these diurnal, terrestrial snakes primarily feed on small mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 10-35. Despite their venomous nature, their conservation status is considered “least concern.”

4. Coachwhip Snake

The Coachwhip Snake, scientifically known as Masticophis flagellum, is a swift, diurnal serpent native to deserts, grasslands, and woodlands. Growing up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) long, this non-venomous snake displays a variety of colors, from tan, brown, pink, to black. As adept hunters, Coachwhip Snakes primarily feed on lizards, small mammals, and birds. Mating leads to egg clutches ranging from 3-15. Despite their striking appearance, their conservation status remains classified as least concern.

5. Common Garter Snake

The Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is a 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) non-aggressive and mildly venomous reptile with a green or brown body and three yellow stripes. Inhabiting wet and moist habitats like marshes, fields, and forests of Missouri, these diurnal snakes hibernate during winter to escape the cold. Their diet consists of frogs, fish, earthworms, and small mammals. Uniquely, these snakes birth live young, producing 10-40 per litter. Although venomous, they pose no threat to humans and are currently listed as a species of least concern for conservation.

6. Cottonmouth

The Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus), also known as Water Moccasin, is a venomous snake measuring 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) in length. It features an olive, brown, or black coloration with dark bands. These semi-aquatic, nocturnal reptiles inhabit swamps, marshes, rivers, and ponds. Notably aggressive when threatened, their diet consists of fish, amphibians, rodents, birds, and other reptiles. Cottonmouths give birth to live young (ovoviviparous), producing 1-16 offspring. Their venom is hemotoxic, but their conservation status remains of least concern.

7. Diamond-backed Water Snake

The Diamond-backed Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer) is a non-venomous reptile measuring 30-48 inches (76-122 cm) in length. Its olive-green or brown skin features dark diamond patterns, providing excellent camouflage in its freshwater habitat which includes lakes, rivers, and swamps. As a diurnal and nocturnal creature, this adept swimmer mainly feeds on fish, amphibians, and small reptiles. The species reproduces through live birth, with each litter consisting of 13-60 young. Currently, it holds a conservation status of Least Concern.

8. Eastern Copperhead

The Eastern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) is a venomous snake that can grow up to 3 feet (90cm) in length. Its distinctive reddish-brown body features hourglass-shaped bands and prefers habitats such as forests, swamps, and river bottoms of Missouri. These nocturnal, terrestrial creatures primarily feed on small rodents, birds, frogs, and insects. Eastern Copperheads are live-bearing, with litters ranging from 2-18 young. Their hemotoxic venom can be dangerous, but their conservation status is considered least concern.

9. Eastern Fox Snake

The Eastern Fox Snake (Pantherophis gloydi) is a non-venomous reptile, reaching up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. It has a yellowish or light brown color, adorned with dark blotches. Commonly found in wetlands, meadows, and woodland edges, this nocturnal and terrestrial creature feeds primarily on rodents, birds, and eggs. During the reproduction process, Eastern Fox Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 8-27. Though marked as “least concern” in conservation status, their survival is vital to maintaining ecological balance.

10. Eastern Hog-nosed Snake

The Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) is a moderately-sized serpent, reaching lengths of 20-33 inches (51-84 cm). Its coloration is highly variable, typically exhibiting brown or gray hues with dark blotches. Inhabiting woodlands, grasslands, and sandy areas, this diurnal snake is known for playing dead when threatened. Its diet mainly consists of toads, along with other amphibians and small mammals. It reproduces by laying 4-60 eggs per clutch, has mild venom harmless to humans, and is classified as of “Least Concern” in conservation efforts.

11. Eastern Racer

The Eastern Racer (Coluber constrictor) is a fast-moving, diurnal snake that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. With a variety of colors such as black, blue-gray, or brown and a white or pale underbelly, it can be found in a wide range of habitats including grasslands, woodlands, and coastal areas. Its diet consists of rodents, lizards, insects, frogs, and birds. Eastern Racers are non-venomous and lay eggs in clutches of 5-40. They are considered a species of least concern in conservation.

12. Flat-headed Snake

The Flat-headed Snake (Tantilla gracilis) is a small, non-venomous reptile measuring 7-12 inches in length. It sports a brown or reddish-brown body with a distinct black head and a yellow neck band. Native to grasslands, woodlands, and rocky areas, this nocturnal and secretive snake primarily feeds on centipedes and other small invertebrates. Flat-headed snakes reproduce by laying eggs, with each clutch consisting of 1-3 eggs. Currently, their conservation status is classified as least concern.

13. Gophersnake

The Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer) is a non-venomous snake species measuring up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) in length. They exhibit yellow, brown, or cream-colored scales with dark spots. Gophersnakes thrive in various habitats such as deserts, grasslands, forests, and agricultural areas. These diurnal, burrow-dwelling reptiles primarily feed on mammals, birds, eggs, and other reptiles. Gophersnakes reproduce through laying egg clutches, consisting of 2-24 eggs. Currently, they have a conservation status of least concern.

14. Graham’s Crayfish Snake

Regina grahamii, commonly known as Graham’s Crayfish Snake, is a non-venomous aquatic species that measures between 18-42 inches in length. Its brown or olive-brown coloration is marked with dark spots. This nocturnal and secretive snake inhabits wetlands, lakes, ponds, and slow-moving streams. Its primary diet consists of crayfish, supplemented by small fish and amphibians. The snake lays eggs in clutches of 5-25, and its conservation status is currently classified as “least concern.”

15. Great Plains Rat Snake

The Great Plains Rat Snake (Pantherophis emoryi) is a non-venomous snake species that can reach up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. They exhibit gray or brown coloring with dark blotches and inhabit grasslands, prairies, and open woodlands of Missouri. These snakes are primarily nocturnal and terrestrial, preying on rodents, birds, and eggs to maintain a healthy diet. Females lay eggs in clutches of 5-20, contributing to their conservation status of “least concern.”

16. Green Water Snake

The Green Water Snake (Natrix cyclopion) is a non-venomous reptile species that can grow up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in length. Characterized by their greenish-brown color and dark markings, these nocturnal and semiaquatic creatures are primarily found in wetland habitats such as swamps, marshes, and ponds. Their diet mainly consists of fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Green Water Snakes are viviparous, giving birth to 5-40 live young at a time. Currently, their conservation status is listed as “Least Concern.”

17. Kirtland’s Snake

Kirtland’s Snake (Clonophis kirtlandii) is a non-venomous reptile that grows up to 24 inches in length. It has a gray or brown coloration with a red or orange belly adorned with black spots. This secretive, burrowing snake thrives in habitats such as wet meadows, prairies, marshes, and woodland edges. Primarily feeding on earthworms, slugs, and snails, Kirtland’s Snake is oviparous, laying clutches of 3-11 eggs during late spring or early summer. Currently, it holds a “near threatened” conservation status.

18. Lined Snake

The Lined Snake (Tropidoclonion lineatum) is a small, non-venomous species, growing up to 20 inches (51 cm). It has a gray or tan colored body with dark stripes, adapted to living in grasslands, prairies, and urban areas. Being nocturnal and fossorial, this reptile primarily feeds on earthworms, slugs, and soft-bodied insects. Lined Snakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 2-12. With a conservation status of least concern, they remain a thriving species.

19. Massasauga Rattlesnake

The Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus) is a small venomous snake, growing up to 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) in length. Exhibiting gray or light brown coloring with dark banding, it thrives in habitats such as grasslands, marshes, and woodland areas. This nocturnal, secretive, and terrestrial snake predominantly feeds on small mammals, lizards, and amphibians. Its reproduction involves giving birth to live young in litters ranging from 5-20. With hemotoxic venom, the snake currently has a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

20. Milksnake

The Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum) is a non-venomous and nocturnal reptile, ranging in size from 20 to 60 inches (50 to 150 cm) in length. It exhibits vibrant colors like red or orange, with black and white bands. Milksnakes inhabit various environments, such as forests, grasslands, and rocky hillsides. Their secretive nature makes them difficult to spot. The species primarily feeds on rodents, birds, eggs, and other reptiles. Reproduction involves laying egg clutches of 2-17. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern. Milksnakes play an important ecological role in controlling rodent populations. However, they face threats from habitat loss and fragmentation. Conservation efforts are in place to protect their natural habitats. Additionally, the milksnake has been studied for its reproductive behaviors and has provided valuable insight into the broader understanding of boa constrictors reproduction.

21. Mud Snake

The Mud Snake (Farancia abacura) is a non-venomous, semi-aquatic reptile found in wetland habitats such as swamps and marshes. Measuring between 30-81 inches (76-206 cm) long, it has a striking black color with red or pinkish-red crossbands. As a nocturnal and secretive species, it primarily feeds on amphibians like sirens and amphiumas. Female Mud Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 4-104, and the species’ conservation status is presently considered to be of least concern.

22. Northern Water Snake

The Northern Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in length. It is characterized by its brown or gray color with dark bands or blotches. This nocturnal and semi-aquatic species can be found in a variety of aquatic habitats, including rivers, lakes, ponds, and marshes. Its diet consists of fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Northern Water Snakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 10-30, and currently have a conservation status of least concern.

23. Plain-bellied Watersnake

The Plain-bellied Watersnake (Nerodia erythrogaster) is a semi-aquatic, non-venomous snake measuring 24-40 inches (61-102 cm) in length. It features an olive, brown, or gray coloration with a distinct yellow, orange, or red unmarked belly. As adept swimmers, they inhabit rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands, with diurnal behavior. Their diet primarily consists of fish, frogs, and other amphibians. These snakes are live-bearing, producing 5-29 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

24. Plains Garter Snake

The Plains Garter Snake (Thamnophis radix) is a non-venomous reptile characterized by its brown or gray color with yellow or orange stripes. Typically measuring 16-28 inches (41-71 cm) in length, it thrives in grasslands, wetlands, and areas near water sources. These diurnal, semi-aquatic snakes are known for their swimming prowess. They feed primarily on earthworms, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. Mating results in live births, producing 6-80 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is of least concern.

25. Prairie Kingsnake

The Prairie Kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster) is a non-venomous reptile that measures 30-42 inches (76-107cm) in length. It has a gray or light brown color, adorned with dark blotches. Commonly found in grasslands, farmlands, and woodlands, Prairie Kingsnakes are terrestrial and nocturnal by nature. Their diet includes rodents, birds, lizards, and amphibians. During reproduction, they lay clutches containing 5-17 eggs. Currently, the Prairie Kingsnake’s conservation status is listed as least concern.

26. Pygmy Rattlesnake

The Pygmy Rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius) is a small venomous snake residing in of Missouri and measures up to 24 inches in length. It exhibits a gray, tan, or reddish-brown color with dark blotches along its body. Inhabiting woodlands, grasslands, floodplains, and wetlands, this nocturnal and terrestrial creature feasts on small mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and insects. The Pygmy Rattlesnake reproduces by giving birth to 5-12 live young, and while its venom is not typically dangerous to healthy adults, it should be respected. The conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

27. Red-Bellied Snake

The Red-Bellied Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 8-16 inches (20-41 cm) in length. They are gray or brown with a distinctive red or orange belly. Mostly found in forests, woodlands, and wetlands of Missouri, these nocturnal and secretive creatures primarily feed on slugs, snails, and earthworms. As live-bearing reptiles, they produce 4-21 offspring in each litter. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” this terrestrial snake presents no significant threat to humans.

28. Ringneck Snake

The Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus) is a small, mildly venomous serpent, measuring 12-15 inches (30-38 centimeters) in length. Exhibiting a gray or dark brown coloration with a distinct yellow or orange ring around its neck, this species prefers habitats including forests, grasslands, and urban areas. As nocturnal, secretive creatures, Ringneck Snakes are found hiding under rocks or logs, feeding on small invertebrates such as insects, worms, and slugs. Reproducing by laying 3-10 eggs per clutch, this snake is presently classified as least concern in terms of conservation status.

29. Rough Earth Snake

The Rough Earth Snake (Virginia striatula) is a small, non-venomous snake that grows up to 10-14 inches (25-35 cm) in length. Sporting a brown or gray color and smooth scales, they typically inhabit wooded or grassy areas, often near water sources. As secretive and burrow-dwelling creatures, their diet primarily consists of earthworms and other small invertebrates. They reproduce by laying clutches of 3-8 eggs, and their conservation status currently stands at “Least Concern.”

30. Rough Green Snake

The Rough Green Snake (Opheodrys aestivus) is a vibrant, non-venomous reptile that measures between 22-32 inches (56-81 cm) in length. Its dazzling bright green coloration is accentuated by a lighter belly, making it well-camouflaged in its preferred habitats of forests, grasslands, and areas near water sources. Known for their diurnal, arboreal behavior, these skillful climbers of Missouri primarily consume insects and spiders. Rough Green Snakes reproduce by laying clutches of 3-12 eggs, and their conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

31. Scarlet Snake

The Scarlet Snake (Cemophora coccinea) is a non-venomous, nocturnal reptile found in forests, grasslands, and suburban areas. Measuring up to 20-30 inches (50-76 cm) in length, it features striking red or orangish scales with black bands and a white or yellowish underbelly. This burrowing snake has a diet consisting of reptile eggs, small rodents, and lizards. Females lay eggs in clutches of 3-8. With a conservation status of least concern, the Scarlet Snake continues to thrive in its habitats.

32. Smooth Earth Snake

The Smooth Earth Snake (Virginia valeriae) is a small, non-venomous reptile measuring 7-10 inches (18-25 cm) in length. It has a brown or gray coloration, with a lighter belly, and inhabits forests, woodlands, and grasslands. This secretive, nocturnal snake is known for burrow-dwelling and primarily feasts on earthworms, slugs, and insects. The species is live-bearing, producing 3-10 offspring per litter. With a conservation status of “Least Concern,” the Smooth Earth Snake population remains relatively stable.

33. Smooth Green Snake

The Smooth Green Snake (Opheodrys vernalis) measures 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) and is characterized by its vibrant green color and lighter belly. Commonly found in grasslands, meadows, and open woodlands, this diurnal and terrestrial reptile is an adept climber. Its diet mainly consists of insects and spiders. In terms of reproduction, they lay eggs in clutches of 3-12. Though non-venomous, these snakes should be admired from afar. Fortunately, their conservation status is currently listed as ‘Least Concern.’

34. Speckled Kingsnake

The Speckled Kingsnake (Lampropeltis holbrooki) is a non-venomous reptile that grows up to 4 feet in length. Sporting a tan or light brown color with dark brown or black speckles, this snake dwells in forests, grasslands, and scrublands. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, it preys on small mammals, birds, and reptiles during the day. Speckled Kingsnakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 4-12, and are currently categorized as least concern in terms of conservation status.

35. Timber Rattlesnake

The Timber Rattlesnake, scientifically known as Crotalus horridus, is a solitary, ambush predator that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. It comes in various colors, including yellow, brown, gray, or black with dark bands, and inhabits forests, mixed woodlands, and rocky hillsides. Its diet consists of rodents, birds, and small mammals. Unlike most snakes, the Timber Rattlesnake is viviparous, giving birth to 4-14 live young. It possesses hemotoxic venom, and its conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

36. Western Foxsnake

The Western Foxsnake (Pantherophis ramspotti) is a non-venomous snake species typically measuring 3 to 5 feet in length. Its coloration ranges from light brown to golden brown and is adorned with dark brown to black blotches. Commonly found in grasslands, woodlands, and farmlands, these snakes are mainly nocturnal and exhibit excellent climbing abilities. Their diet consists of rodents, birds, and bird eggs. Western Foxsnakes reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 10 to 20, and their conservation status is listed as Least Concern.

37. Western Ground Snake

The Western Ground Snake (Sonora semiannulata) is a small, non-venomous reptile found in diverse environments, including deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. Measuring up to 20 inches (51 cm) in size, its color varies from shades of brown to reddish or gray with wide bands. A nocturnal and secretive species, their diet consists of insects, arachnids, and small lizards. Reproduction involves laying clutches of 3-5 eggs. At present, the conservation status of this snake is listed as least concern.

38. Western Hognose Snake

The Western Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus) is a mildly venomous reptile that can grow up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters) in size. It has a distinct brown or tan color with dark blotches and is known for its characteristic “hognose.” These terrestrial snakes primarily inhabit grasslands, prairies, and semi-arid environments. Being diurnal creatures, their diet consists of amphibians, particularly toads, small mammals, reptiles, and birds. They reproduce by laying eggs in clutches of 4-23 and, despite the venom, are not considered dangerous to humans. Their conservation status is of least concern.

39. Western Rat Snake

The Western Rat Snake (Pantherophis obsoletus) is a non-venomous species found in various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas. Measuring up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) long, this diurnal, semi-arboreal reptile exhibits a gray or brown coloration with dark blotches. Its diet primarily consists of rodents, birds, and eggs, making it an essential part of natural rodent population control. Breeding occurs through egg-laying, with each clutch containing 5-20 eggs. Western Rat Snakes have a conservation status of “least concern.”

40. Western Ribbonsnake

The Western Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis proximus) is a slender reptile measuring 18-30 inches (46-76 cm) in length, characterized by its black or dark brown coloration adorned with three bright yellow or white stripes. Commonly found in semi-aquatic habitats such as wetlands, marshes, and grasslands near water, this diurnal creature is a swift swimmer, preying primarily on fish, frogs, and tadpoles. The non-venomous species reproduces by laying egg clutches of 3-26, and has a conservation status of ‘Least Concern’.

41. Western Wormsnake

The Western Wormsnake (Carphophis vermis) is a non-venomous, small-sized reptile reaching up to 14 inches (35.5 cm) in length. It exhibits a distinct color pattern of brown-to-black on its back and pink or light brown on its belly. Inhabiting deciduous forests, grasslands, and moist suburban areas, this elusive, nocturnal creature primarily burrows underground and feeds on earthworms and soft-bodied invertebrates. Western Wormsnakes lay small egg clutches (1-8) and have a conservation status of Least Concern.

Nearby States:

• Snakes in Nebraska
• Snakes in North Dakota

Final Words

All the 41 snakes have truly opened our eyes to the fascinating world of snakes found in Missouri. Who knew there were so many different types of these slithering reptiles, each with their own unique characteristics and habitats? The variety of colors, patterns, and sizes of the snakes in Missouri is truly astounding. It makes you wonder what other interesting snake species are out there in the world. Perhaps we should also take a closer look at the snakes in Massachusetts to see what other surprises the snake kingdom has in store for us.

Not only did we get a chance to learn about some of the more common and well-known species, but we also delved into the lesser-known and often misunderstood ones.

So, the next time you’re out and about in Missouri, keep an eye out for these incredible creatures, and let’s continue to appreciate and protect the diverse wildlife that makes our world so interesting!

What Types of Snakes Can be Found in Missouri and Arkansas?

In both Missouri and Arkansas, a variety of snakes can be found in their natural state. Species such as copperheads, cottonmouths, and timber rattlesnakes are commonly found in the region, adding to the diverse wildlife that can be encountered while exploring the outdoors. Keep an eye out for these snakes in arkansas natural state. Arkansas is actually known as the “Natural State,” and its diverse range of snakes only adds to its reputation as a haven for natural state reptiles. With its abundant forests, rivers, and other natural habitats, Arkansas provides the perfect environment for these snakes to thrive. It’s important to be aware of your surroundings and take necessary precautions while enjoying the beauty of the natural state reptiles.

Resources:

• Eww, Gross. Tell Me More
• Sanctuaries by Samantha L. Robinson-Adams
• A Book List for Junior High Schools.. INSTIT
• https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~o-laughl/pair-counts