Snakes in California: Golden Serpents Uncovered

California is calling all reptile lovers, boasting a whopping 75 species of snakes within its borders. Ready to embark on a slithering adventure in the Golden State?

From the infamous rattlesnakes to the lesser-known ringneck snakes, California offers a diverse range of scaly residents for you to discover. Rest assured, the majority of these serpentine neighbors are more interested in avoiding you than causing any harm.

So, let’s delve into the captivating realm of California’s snakes. Strap on your hiking boots, and prepare to uncover some of the most intriguing reptiles on the West Coast!

#	Name	Details	Image
1	Alameda Striped Racer (Coluber lateralis euryxanthus)	Size: Up to 3 feet (90 cm) Color: Greenish-blue with yellow stripes Habitat: Grasslands and coastal shrublands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
2	Baja California Coachwhip (Masticophis fuliginosus)	Size: Up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) Color: Dark brown or reddish-brown Habitat: Deserts, rocky hillsides, and shrublands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
3	Brahminy Blind Snake (Indotyphlops braminus)	Size: 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) Color: Uniform brown, grey, or purple Habitat: Grasslands, gardens, and urban areas Behaviour: Fossorial and nocturnal
4	California Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans occidentalis)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Tan or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
5	California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Black or brown with white or yellow bands Habitat: Various habitats, including forests, grasslands, and deserts Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
6	California Lyresnake (Trimorphodon lyrophanes)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Grayish-brown with dark crossbands Habitat: Rocky hillsides, canyons, and desert scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and agile climbers
7	California Mountain Kingsnake (Lampropeltis zonata)	Size: Up to 2-3 feet (61-91 centimeters) Color: Alternating red, black, and white bands Habitat: Mountain regions, including coniferous forests, oak woodlands, and rocky outcrops Behaviour: Diurnal and secretive
8	California Nightsnake (Hypsiglena torquata)	Size: Up to 2 feet (61 centimeters) Color: Yellowish or brownish with dark blotches Habitat: Various habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and deserts Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
9	California Red-sided Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis infernalis)	Size: Up to 3.5 feet (1 meter) Color: Red or orange with blue or black stripes Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, marshes, and coastal dunes Behaviour: Diurnal and highly adaptable
10	California Striped Racer (Masticophis lateralis)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Black or dark brown with light yellow or white stripes Habitat: Various habitats, including grasslands, chaparral, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and fast-moving
11	Coast Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans terrestris)	Size: 20-43 inches (51-109 cm) Color: Black or brown with yellow, orange, or red stripes Habitat: Forest edges, grasslands, marshes, and ponds Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
12	Coast Mountain Kingsnake (Lampropeltis multifasciata)	Size: Up to 40 inches (102 cm) Color: Alternating bands of light and dark colors Habitat: Mountain areas, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
13	Coast Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis virgultea)	Size: 20-50 inches (50-130 cm) Color: Brown or gray with dark-edged spots, light-colored stripe on each side Habitat: Coastal areas, deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
14	Colorado Desert Shovel-nosed Snake (Chionactis occipitalis annulata)	Size: Up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) Color: Red and black with alternating light-colored bands Habitat: Deserts, including sandy, rocky, and gravelly areas Behaviour: Nocturnal, burrows in sand and soil
15	Colorado Desert Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes laterorepens)	Size: Up to 2.5 feet (76 cm) Color: Light gray or sandy brown with dark bands Habitat: Deserts, sand dunes, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Primarily nocturnal, sidewinding motion for movement
16	Common Sharp-tailed Snake (Contia tenuis)	Size: Up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) Color: Brown or reddish-brown with light rings on the tail Habitat: Moist woodlands, grasslands, and under rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal, shy, and secretive
17	Common Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Brown or gray with dark bands or blotches Habitat: Aquatic habitats, including lakes, rivers, and ponds Behaviour: Nocturnal and semiaquatic
18	Coral-bellied Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus celaenops)	Size: Up to 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) Color: Dark gray or black with coral-red belly and yellow or orange neck ring Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
19	Desert Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Grayish-brown or pale brown with dark blotches Habitat: Desert, grassland, and shrubland habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrower
20	Desert Patched-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis deserticola)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Tan or brown with orange, black, and white patches Habitat: Desert, scrub, and grassland areas Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
21	Desert Striped Whipsnake (Masticophis taeniatus)	Size: 24-67 inches (60-170 cm) Color: Light gray or brown with dark stripes Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-arboreal
22	Desert Threadsnake (Leptotyphlops humilis)	Size: Up to 10-16 inches (25-40 cm) Color: Pinkish-brown to light brown Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and sandy areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
23	Diablo Range Gartersnake (Thamnophis atratus zaxanthus)	Size: Up to 3 feet (91 cm) Color: Dark grey or black with yellow or orange dorsal stripe Habitat: Streams, creeks, and spring-fed habitats Behaviour: Diurnal and excellent swimmers
24	Florida Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata pictiventris)	Size: 2-4 feet (0.6-1.2 meters) Color: Dark brown or black with lighter bands Habitat: Freshwater habitats like lakes, ponds, and marshes Behaviour: Aquatic, mostly nocturnal
25	Forest Sharp-tailed Snake (Contia longicaudae)	Size: Up to 2 feet (60 centimeters) Color: Brown or reddish-brown with light stripe on sides Habitat: Mountainous forests and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal, burrowing, and secretive
26	Giant Garter Snake (Thamnophis gigas)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Dark brown or dark green with black-checkered pattern Habitat: Wetlands, marshes, and waterways Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
27	Great Basin Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer deserticola)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Yellowish or pale brown with dark blotches Habitat: Semi-arid deserts, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Diurnal and burrowing
28	Great Basin Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus lutosus)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Brown or gray with brown blotches Habitat: Desert, rocky areas, and woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
29	Long-Nosed Snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei)	Size: Up to 30 – 52 inches (76 – 132 cm) Color: Black or brown with red, cream, or white bands Habitat: Semi-arid or desert areas, grasslands, scrublands, and rocky terrain Behaviour: Nocturnal, terrestrial, and non-aggressive
30	Marcy’s Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus marcianus)	Size: Up to 42 inches (1.07 meters) Color: Brown or green with yellow and black checkered pattern Habitat: Rivers, streams, or damp areas near freshwater Behaviour: Aquatic, active during the day and night
31	Mohave Desert Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes)	Size: Up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters) Color: Light tan or pale gray background with darker bands and blotches Habitat: Deserts, primarily sandy areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and buries in sand for camouflage
32	Mohave Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans candida)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Gray or tan with dark blotches Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and pine-oak woodlands Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
33	Mohave Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis mojavensis)	Size: Up to 46 inches (116 cm) Color: Gray or tan with dark markings Habitat: Desert scrub and chaparral habitats Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and fast-moving
34	Mohave Shovel-nosed Snake (Chionactis occipitalis)	Size: Up to 20 inches (50 cm) Color: Orange or red with black bands Habitat: Deserts, arid scrublands, sand dunes Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
35	Monterey Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus vandenburghii)	Size: 12 to 15 inches Color: Dark gray or black with yellow or orange ring on neck Habitat: Woodlands, chaparral, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
36	Mountain Gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans elegans)	Size: Up to 3 feet (0.91 meters) Color: Black or dark brown with yellow or orange stripes Habitat: Forest edges, meadows, and grasslands near water Behaviour: Diurnal, often found basking in sun or hiding under rocks
37	Northern Desert Night Snake (Hypsiglena chlorophaea deserticola)	Size: Up to 26 inches (66 cm) Color: Light brown or gray with dark blotches Habitat: Desert, sagebrush, and grassland habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
38	Northern Mohave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus)	Size: Up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) Color: Greenish, yellowish, or brownish with dark diamond-shaped blotches Habitat: Desert scrub, grasslands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
39	Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Brown or olive with dark bands Habitat: Dry forests, grasslands, scrublands, and rocky areas Behaviour: Ambush predator, nocturnal during summer, diurnal in cooler seasons
40	Northern Rubber Boa (Charina bottae)	Size: Up to 33 inches (84 cm) Color: Uniform brown with lighter ventral surface Habitat: Forests, grasslands, chaparral, and shrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and docile
41	Northwestern Garter Snake (Thamnophis ordinoides)	Size: Up to 43 inches (1.1 meters) Color: Black, brown, or green with stripes and spots Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and coastal areas Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
42	Northwestern Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus occidentalis)	Size: 12-18 inches (30-46 cm) Color: Olive, gray, or brown with orange or yellow ring around neck Habitat: Wooded areas, grasslands, and rocky habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
43	Oregon Gartersnake (Thamnophis atratus hydrophilus)	Size: Up to 36 inches (91.5 centimeters) Color: Dark olive, green, or black with a narrow central stripe Habitat: Aquatic habitats, such as ponds, marshes, and slow-moving streams Behaviour: Diurnal and semi-aquatic
44	Pacific Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Yellow or light brown with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, woodlands, deserts, and farmlands Behaviour: Diurnal and ground-dwelling
45	Pacific Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus amabilis)	Size: 12-34 inches (30-86 cm) Color: Gray, brown, or greenish-black with yellow or orange ring around neck Habitat: Forests, grasslands, and wetland edges Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
46	Panamint Rattlesnake (Crotalus stephensi)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Gray, light brown, or pinkish with dark brown diamond-shaped markings Habitat: Desert and mountainous areas, rocky habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
47	Red Diamond Rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Reddish-brown with dark diamond-shaped blotches Habitat: Desert, scrub, and rocky areas Behaviour: Primarily nocturnal, but may be active during the day in cool weather
48	Red Racer (Coluber constrictor)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Reddish-orange with cream or white underside Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, woodlands, and coastal dunes Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
49	Regal Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus regalis)	Size: 10-24 inches (25-61 cm) Color: Dark gray or black with a yellow or orange ring around the neck Habitat: Woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral habitats Behaviour: Nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling
50	Rosy Boa (Lichanura trivirgata)	Size: Up to 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) Color: Tan, brown or gray with darker bands Habitat: Rocky habitats, grasslands, and desert areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and ground-dwelling
51	San Bernardino Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus modestus)	Size: 14-36 inches (36-91 cm) Color: Black or dark brown with yellow or orange ring at neck Habitat: Chaparral, woodlands, and forests Behaviour: Nocturnal and elusive
52	San Diego Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer annectens)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Pale brown, yellow or cream with dark brown, black, or gray blotches Habitat: Coastal sage scrub, chaparral, woodlands, grasslands, and farmland Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and good climbers
53	San Diego Nightsnake (Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha klauberi)	Size: Up to 26 inches (66 cm) Color: Light gray or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Coastal areas, deserts, and grasslands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
54	San Diego Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus similis)	Size: 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) Color: Gray, olive, or black with a distinctive yellow, orange or red ring Habitat: Grasslands, chaparral, woodlands, and moist environments Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive, spends most of the day under debris or in burrows
55	San Francisco Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia)	Size: Up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) Color: Bright blue, orange, and red with dark stripes Habitat: Marshes, ponds, and wet grasslands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
56	San Joaquin Coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum ruddocki)	Size: Up to 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) Color: Light brown or pinkish, with a slightly darker head Habitat: Grasslands, shrublands, and oak woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial, fast-moving
57	Santa Cruz Garter Snake (Thamnophis atratus atratus)	Size: 18-43 inches (45-109 cm) Color: Black or dark olive with three bright yellow or blue stripes Habitat: Coastal creeks, ponds, wetlands, and occasionally forests Behaviour: Diurnal and highly aquatic
58	Santa Cruz Island Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer pumilis)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Orange or reddish-brown with dark blotches Habitat: Grasslands, coastal scrub, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and non-aggressive
59	Sierra Garter Snake (Thamnophis couchii)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Tan, brown, or olive with yellow or orange stripes Habitat: Riparian habitats, lakes, and mountain streams Behaviour: Diurnal and mostly aquatic
60	Smith’s Black-Headed Snake (Tantilla hobartsmithi)	Size: Up to 10-20 inches (25-51 cm) Color: Black head with a yellow, orange, or reddish body Habitat: Grasslands, shrublands, deserts, and forests Behaviour: Diurnal and secretive
61	Sonoran Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer affinis)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Light brown or tan with dark brown or black blotches Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and good climbers
62	Sonoran Lyre Snake (Trimorphodon lambda)	Size: Up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) Color: Gray or brown with dark, saddle-like bands Habitat: Deserts, rocky canyons, and shrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
63	Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri)	Size: Up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) Color: Gray or brown with dark diamond-shaped markings Habitat: Various habitats, including grasslands, coastal sage scrub, forests, and deserts Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial, but can climb trees and bushes
64	Southern Rubber Boa (Charina umbratica)	Size: Up to 2 feet (61 cm) Color: Pale yellow to dark brown Habitat: Forests, wooded areas, and rocky outcrops Behaviour: Nocturnal and fossorial
65	Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake (Crotalus pyrrhus)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Gray, tan, or pinkish with dark speckles and bands Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and rocky hillsides Behaviour: Nocturnal, ambush predator
66	Southwestern Threadsnake (Leptotyphlops humilis)	Size: Up to 10.6 inches (27 cm) Color: Gray or brown with dark blotches Habitat: Various habitats, including deserts, grasslands, and woodlands Behaviour: Underground burrowers, nocturnal
67	Spotted Leaf-Nosed Snake (Phyllorhynchus decurtatus)	Size: Up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) Color: Tan or pale gray with dark spots Habitat: Desert scrublands and sandy areas Behaviour: Nocturnal and burrowing
68	Two-striped Garter Snake (Thamnophis hammondii)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Black or brown with yellow to orange stripes Habitat: Riparian habitats, streams, and other wet environments Behaviour: Diurnal, terrestrial, and semi-aquatic
69	Valley garter snake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans)	Size: Up to 43 inches (109 cm) Color: Brown, green, or olive with three longitudinal stripes (yellow, blue, or white) Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and near streams or ponds Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
70	Variable Ground Snake (Atractus trilineatus)	Size: 8-14 inches (20-36 cm) Color: Gray or brown with three light-edged stripes Habitat: Grassy or rocky habitats, tropical forests Behaviour: Terrestrial and secretive
71	Wandering Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Black or dark green with yellow-white stripes Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, and woodlands near water sources Behaviour: Diurnal and terrestrial
72	Western Black-headed Snake (Tantilla planiceps)	Size: Up to 15 inches (38 centimeters) Color: Black head, reddish-brown or gray body Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and chaparral Behaviour: Nocturnal and secretive
73	Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)	Size: Up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) Color: Gray-brown or pinkish-brown with diamond-shaped patterns Habitat: Deserts, grasslands, and scrublands Behaviour: Nocturnal and terrestrial
74	Western Yellow-bellied Racer (Coluber constrictor mormon)	Size: Up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) Color: Olive green or blue-gray with yellow belly Habitat: Grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and riparian areas Behaviour: Diurnal, active and fast-moving
75	Yellow-bellied Sea Snake (Hydrophis platurus)	Size: Up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) Color: Yellow belly with dark blue or black back Habitat: Tropical and subtropical waters, coastal and open sea Behaviour: Highly venomous, but generally not aggressive; often found floating in surface waters

75 Snakes You Can Find in California

In the state of California, a fascinating array of serpents can be found slithering through its diverse landscapes. From venomous to harmless, each species has its unique story to tell. Below, we’ll explore the wonders of these often misunderstood creatures of California, from their natural habitats and behaviors to the challenges they face in our changing world.

1. Alameda Striped Racer

It’s a beautiful snake with the scientific name Coluber lateralis euryxanthus. These creatures can grow up to 3 feet long and have a stunning greenish-blue color with yellow stripes. They love hanging out in grasslands and coastal shrublands, and they’re super active during the day. Their diet mainly consists of lizards and insects. They lay eggs in clutches of 2-10, and don’t worry, they’re non-venomous. Sadly, they’re critically endangered.

2. Baja California Coachwhip

The Baja California Coachwhip, scientifically known as Masticophis fuliginosus, is a non-venomous snake species that can grow up to 8 feet (2.4 meters) in length. The color of these California residents ranges from dark brown to reddish-brown, allowing it to blend into its natural habitat, which includes deserts, rocky hillsides, and shrublands. As a diurnal and fast-moving creature, it feeds on lizards, small mammals, birds, and eggs. The species reproduces by laying clutches of 4-12 eggs and is listed as a species of least concern in terms of conservation status.

3. Brahminy Blind Snake

The Brahminy Blind Snake (Indotyphlops braminus) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 2-4 inches long. It displays uniform brown, grey, or purple coloration and lives in grasslands, gardens, and urban areas. Exhibiting fossorial and nocturnal behavior, they primarily feed on termites and ant larvae. Uniquely, this species reproduces through parthenogenesis, resulting in 2-8 genetically identical offspring. Despite their conservation status being of least concern, they remain elusive and rarely seen by humans.

4. California Glossy Snake

The California Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans occidentalis) is a non-venomous reptile growing up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Sporting a tan or light brown color with dark blotches, this nocturnal and secretive creature of California inhabits deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. Their diet consists of small mammals, lizards, and amphibians. Females lay eggs in clutches of 3-12, contributing to their “least concern” conservation status.

5. California Kingsnake

The California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae) is a non-venomous snake found throughout California’s diverse habitats, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts. They can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length and are usually black or brown with white or yellow bands. Being nocturnal and terrestrial, they mainly feed on rodents, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. These snakes reproduce by laying egg clutches ranging from 3 to 24 eggs. Fortunately, their conservation status is classified as “Least Concern.”

6. California Lyresnake

California Lyresnake, scientifically known as Trimorphodon lyrophanes, is characterized by its grayish-brown color with dark crossbands. This venomous, but non-dangerous to humans, snake can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) and thrive in rocky hillsides, canyons, and desert scrublands. As nocturnal and agile climbers, their diet consists of lizards, small mammals, and birds. The species that call California its home reproduces through live-bearing, giving birth to 2-6 offspring. Currently, the conservation status of California Lyresnake is of least concern.

7. California Mountain Kingsnake

The California Mountain Kingsnake (Lampropeltis zonata) is a slender, non-venomous reptile measuring up to 2-3 feet (61-91 cm) in length. It is characterized by its striking red, black, and white alternating bands. Naturally found in mountain regions of California, this species inhabits coniferous forests, oak woodlands, and rocky outcrops. As a diurnal and secretive creature, it mainly feeds on other reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals. Mating season sees females laying eggs in clutches of 2-10. Currently, the species is listed under “least concern” in conservation status.

8. California Nightsnake

The California Nightsnake (Hypsiglena torquata) is a nocturnal and secretive reptile native to various habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and deserts. Measuring up to 2 feet (61 centimeters) in length, these snakes exhibit a yellowish or brownish color with dark blotches. Their diet primarily consists of reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals. During reproduction, they lay eggs in clutches of 2-9. Although they are mildly venomous, their venom is not harmful to humans. The California Nightsnake’s conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

9. California Red-sided Garter Snake

The California Red-sided Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis infernalis) is a vibrant serpent species that grows up to 3.5 feet (1 meter) in length. These creatures sport eye-catching red or orange coloring punctuated by blue or black stripes. They thrive in diverse habitats such as woodlands, grasslands, marshes, and coastal dunes. These diurnal snakes are highly adaptable, feasting on a varied diet of frogs, tadpoles, fish, earthworms, slugs, and small mammals. These snakes give live birth to 6-20 babies at a time and possess mild venom that is harmless to humans. Currently, their conservation status is listed as “Least Concern.”

10. California Striped Racer

The California Striped Racer (Masticophis lateralis) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in length. It features a black or dark brown coloring with light yellow or white stripes running down its back. This fast-moving, diurnal species inhabits various ecosystems, including grasslands, chaparral, and woodlands. Its diet consists primarily of lizards, small mammals, and birds. Reproducing via egg-laying, the California Striped Racer produces clutches of 3-9 eggs. Currently, its conservation status is listed as “least concern.”

11. Coast Garter Snake

The Coast Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans terrestris) is a medium-sized reptile measuring 20-43 inches in length. Sporting black or brown coloring with vibrant yellow, orange, or red stripes, these snakes are found along forest edges, grasslands, marshes, and ponds. They display diurnal and terrestrial behavior, feeding on earthworms, fish, amphibians, and small mammals. Though they possess mild neurotoxic venom, they pose no threat to humans. Coast Garter Snakes reproduce by laying clutches of 4-26 eggs and are currently marked as a species of least concern in conservation status.

12. Coast Mountain Kingsnake

The Coast Mountain Kingsnake (Lampropeltis multifasciata) is a striking reptile that can grow up to 40 inches in length. Characterized by alternating bands of light and dark colors, these snakes thrive in mountainous regions, grasslands, and woodlands. They are nocturnal and terrestrial creatures, their diet mainly consisting of small mammals, birds, lizards, and other snakes. Reproduction involves laying egg clutches of 3-10. Despite being non-venomous, they are considered of least concern in terms of conservation.

13. Coast Patch-nosed Snake

The Coast Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis virgultea) is a non-venomous reptile that primarily inhabits coastal areas, deserts, grasslands, and woodlands. Measuring between 20 and 50 inches (50-130 cm) in length, this snake is characterized by its brown or gray skin with dark-edged spots and a light-colored stripe on each side. Being diurnal and terrestrial, it preys on lizards, small rodents, and bird eggs. The species lays eggs in clutches of 5-12 and has a conservation status of least concern.

14. Colorado Desert Shovel-nosed Snake

The Colorado Desert Shovel-nosed Snake (Chionactis occipitalis annulata) is a species of nocturnal serpent, growing up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) in length. Displaying a vibrant red and black pattern with alternating light-colored bands, it inhabits deserts, including sandy, rocky, and gravelly areas. Its specialized burrowing behavior helps it navigate through sand and soil while hunting insects, primarily beetle larvae. The snake reproduces by laying clutches of 2-4 eggs. Although mildly venomous, it poses no threat to humans and currently has a conservation status of ‘Least Concern.’

15. Colorado Desert Sidewinder

The Colorado Desert Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes laterorepens) is a species of venomous snake characterized by its light gray or sandy brown color with dark bands. Growing up to 2.5 feet (76 cm) long, it inhabits deserts, sand dunes, and rocky hillsides. This primarily nocturnal snake uses a distinct sidewinding motion for movement and preys on small rodents, lizards, and other snakes. Females lay eggs in clutches of 5-18. Though venomous and potentially dangerous, their bites are not typically life-threatening. The species’ conservation status is listed as least concern.

16. Common Sharp-tailed Snake

The Common Sharp-tailed Snake (Contia tenuis) is a small, nocturnal reptile measuring up to 20 inches (50 centimeters) in length with a brown or reddish-brown coloration, distinct light rings on its tail, and a mildly venomous, but harmless bite. This shy and secretive snake thrives in moist woodlands, grasslands, and rocky areas, feasting on slugs, snails, and insect larvae. Typically laying 2-7 eggs per clutch, these snakes have a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

17. Common Water Snake

The Common Water Snake (Nerodia sipedon) is a non-venomous, nocturnal, semiaquatic reptile that can grow up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in size. Their brown or gray body has dark bands or blotches as markings. Commonly found in aquatic habitats like lakes, rivers, and ponds, this snake’s diet consists of fish, frogs, and salamanders. It reproduces by giving birth to live young in litters containing 10-40 offspring. Although non-venomous, it can release foul-smelling musk in defense. Its conservation status is of least concern.

18. Coral-bellied Ringneck Snake

The Coral-bellied Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus celaenops) is a small, nocturnal serpent measuring 10-15 inches (25-38 cm) in length. It sports a dark gray or black hue with a striking coral-red belly and a contrasting yellow or orange neck ring. Inhabiting forests, grasslands, and rocky areas, this secretive snake is rarely seen by humans. Its diet consists of slugs, insects, and small amphibians. The mildly venomous snake lays clutches of 2-8 eggs, but poses no threat to humans. Currently, its conservation status is unassessed.

19. Desert Glossy Snake

The Desert Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Sporting a grayish-brown or pale brown hue with dark blotches, it inhabits desert, grassland, and shrubland terrains. As a nocturnal burrower, this snake primarily feeds on rodents, lizards, and small birds. Reproduction involves laying eggs in clutches ranging from 3-15. With a conservation status of “least concern,” the Desert Glossy Snake remains a common sight in its habitat.

20. Desert Patched-nosed Snake

Desert Patched-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis deserticola) is a non-venomous reptile that reaches up to 3.3 feet in length. Its tan or brown scales feature vibrant orange, black, and white patches. Primarily found in desert, scrub, and grassland habitats, these diurnal and terrestrial snakes have a diet consisting of lizards, rodents, and eggs. They reproduce by laying clutches of 4-8 eggs. The Desert Patched-nosed Snake currently has a conservation status of least concern.

21. Desert Striped Whipsnake

The Desert Striped Whipsnake (Masticophis taeniatus) is a slender, non-venomous snake measuring 24-67 inches in length, with a light gray or brown color and distinct dark stripes. It inhabits deserts, grasslands, and woodlands of California and is notable for its diurnal and semi-arboreal behavior. The whipsnake primarily feeds on lizards, small mammals, and birds. In terms of reproduction, females lay eggs in clutches of 3-12. Currently, the species holds a conservation status of Least Concern.

22. Desert Threadsnake

The Desert Threadsnake (Leptotyphlops humilis) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 10-16 inches (25-40 cm) in length. It has a distinctive pinkish-brown to light brown color and primarily resides in desert habitats, grasslands, and sandy areas. This nocturnal and burrowing snake feeds on ants, termites, and small insects. Desert Threadsnakes reproduce by laying small clutches of 1-4 eggs. Their conservation status is listed as “least concern,” indicating a healthy and stable population.

23. Diablo Range Gartersnake

The Diablo Range Gartersnake (Thamnophis atratus zaxanthus) is a species of snake that can grow up to 3 feet (91 cm) long. Its dark grey or black body features a vibrant yellow or orange dorsal stripe. Inhabiting streams, creeks, and spring-fed habitats, it is diurnal and an excellent swimmer. This non-venomous snake preys on fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Reproduction occurs in late summer, with females giving birth to 5-40 live young. Its conservation status is currently data deficient.

24. Florida Water Snake

The Florida Water Snake (Nerodia fasciata pictiventris) is a non-venomous, aquatic snake that thrives in freshwater habitats such as lakes, marshes, and ponds. It is easily identified by its dark brown or black coloring and contrasting lighter bands. This species typically measures between 2-4 feet (0.6-1.2 meters) in length and feeds primarily on fish, frogs, and tadpoles. Known for its nocturnal behavior, the Florida Water Snake reproduces through live-bearing, producing 10-40 offspring per litter. This species has a conservation status of least concern. The Florida Water Snake is often mistaken for the closely related and similarly colored Texas Water Snake. However, one key difference is that the Florida Water Snake has a distinct light-colored belly, while the Texas Water Snake’s belly is typically marked with reddish or brownish spots. Additionally, the Florida Water Snake has been known to prey on native Texas frog species, further distinguishing it from its Texas counterpart. Despite occasional confusion with its neighbor species, the Florida Water Snake plays an important role in its ecosystem as a predator of aquatic species.

25. Forest Sharp-tailed Snake

The Forest Sharp-tailed Snake (Contia longicaudae) is a nocturnal, burrowing serpent that reaches up to 2 feet (60 cm) in length. Featuring a brown or reddish-brown hue with light stripes on its sides, this elusive reptile can be found in mountainous forests and grasslands. It feeds primarily on slugs, snails, and insects, and lays eggs in clutches of 2-5. Although mildly venomous, its venom poses no threat to humans. The Forest Sharp-tailed Snake’s conservation status has not been evaluated.

26. Giant Garter Snake

The Giant Garter Snake (Thamnophis gigas) is a large, non-venomous reptile that can reach up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Its dark brown or dark green coloration features a black-checkered pattern, allowing the snake to blend effortlessly into its wetland, marsh, and waterway habitats. A diurnal and semi-aquatic species, the Giant Garter Snake primarily consumes fish, frogs, and tadpoles. Its unique ability to give live birth results in 10-46 young per litter. Currently, it holds a threatened conservation status.

27. Great Basin Gophersnake

The Great Basin Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in length. It has a yellowish or pale brown color, adorned with dark blotches. This diurnal and burrowing snake primarily inhabits semi-arid deserts, grasslands, and rocky areas. Its diet consists of rodents, birds, and eggs. During reproduction, females lay egg clutches of 3-11 offspring. The species is currently considered of least concern in terms of conservation status.

28. Great Basin Rattlesnake

The Great Basin Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus lutosus) is a venomous snake that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Its coloration is brown or gray with brown blotches, providing excellent camouflage in its desert, rocky, and woodland habitats. This nocturnal and terrestrial species primarily feeds on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. It reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 4-21. Despite being venomous, its conservation status is listed as least concern.

29. Long-Nosed Snake

The Long-Nosed Snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) is a non-venomous reptile that reaches lengths of 30-52 inches (76-132 cm). Its distinct black or brown coloration features red, cream, or white bands. Commonly found in semi-arid or desert areas, grasslands, scrublands, and rocky terrain, this nocturnal creature is terrestrial, non-aggressive, and primarily feeds on rodents, lizards, and small mammals. Long-nosed snakes reproduce by laying clutches of 3-10 eggs, and their conservation status is listed as least concern.

30. Marcy’s Checkered Garter Snake

Marcy’s Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus marcianus) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 42 inches (1.07 meters) long. It features a green or brown body with a yellow and black checkered pattern. These aquatic snakes are commonly found near rivers, streams, or damp areas close to freshwater. These majestic reptile of California are active during both day and night and feed on a diet of fish, frogs, and invertebrates. They reproduce by giving birth to live young, with up to 30 in a litter, and have a conservation status of “Least Concern.”

31. Mohave Desert Sidewinder

The Mohave Desert Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes) is a venomous rattlesnake species found in deserts, especially sandy areas. Measuring up to 2.5 feet (0.76 meters), their light tan or pale gray coloration with darker bands and blotches provide excellent camouflage. Primarily nocturnal hunters, they bury themselves in the sand and prey on small mammals, lizards, and birds. These snakes give live birth to 4-18 young per litter. Although venomous, their bites are not usually dangerous to humans. They are currently listed as a species of least concern for conservation.

32. Mohave Glossy Snake

The Mohave Glossy Snake (Arizona elegans candida) is a non-venomous, nocturnal reptile that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. It has a gray or tan coloration with dark blotches and is found in deserts, grasslands, and pine-oak woodlands. The snake exhibits burrowing behavior and primarily feeds on small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Females reproduce by laying clutches of 5-15 eggs. The conservation status of the Mohave Glossy Snake is currently classified under least concern.

33. Mohave Patch-nosed Snake

The Mohave Patch-nosed Snake (Salvadora hexalepis mojavensis) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 46 inches (116 cm) in length. Featuring a gray or tan color with dark markings, it primarily inhabits desert scrub and chaparral environments. As a diurnal and terrestrial species, it is fast-moving and hunts lizards, small mammals, and other reptiles for sustenance. Reproducing by laying eggs in clutches of 2-11, its conservation status is currently listed as Least Concern.

34. Mohave Shovel-nosed Snake

The Mohave Shovel-nosed Snake (Chionactis occipitalis) is a non-venomous reptile growing up to 20 inches (50 cm) long. Sporting striking orange or red bands with black borders, this snake thrives in deserts, arid scrublands, and sand dunes. As a nocturnal and fossorial species, they predominantly feed on insects, spiders, and small lizards. During reproduction, females lay clutches of 2-8 eggs. Although its conservation status is currently classified as least concern, habitat loss is an ongoing threat.

35. Monterey Ringneck Snake

The Monterey Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus vandenburghii) is a small, nocturnal, and secretive reptile measuring 12 to 15 inches. It has a dark gray or black body, featuring a distinct yellow or orange neck ring. Found in woodlands, chaparral, and grasslands, it feasts on slugs, worms, amphibians, and lizards. Females lay clutches of 2-8 eggs during reproduction. Though mildly venomous, it poses no danger to humans. Its conservation status is currently listed as “least concern.”

36. Mountain Gartersnake

The Mountain Gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans elegans) is a mildly venomous snake, reaching up to 3 feet (0.91 meters) in length. Featuring black or dark brown coloration with yellow or orange stripes, this diurnal species can be found inhabiting forest edges, meadows, and grasslands near water sources. Often basking in the sun or hiding under rocks, its diet includes slugs, insects, fish, and amphibians. Reproducing through live birth, a litter typically yields 10 to 30 offspring. While its venom poses no danger to humans, its conservation status is classified as least concern.

37. Northern Desert Night Snake

The Northern Desert Night Snake (Hypsiglena chlorophaea deserticola) is a nocturnal and secretive reptile, growing up to 26 inches (66 cm) in length. It has a light brown or gray coloration with dark blotches and can be found in desert, sagebrush, and grassland habitats. The snake primarily feeds on lizards, small snakes, and amphibians. It reproduces by laying clutches of 3-9 eggs and possesses mild venom that is harmless to humans. Its conservation status is classified as least concern.

38. Northern Mohave Rattlesnake

The Northern Mohave Rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) is a large, uniquely colored reptile reaching up to 4.5 feet (1.4 meters) in length. It exhibits greenish, yellowish, or brownish hues with dark diamond-shaped blotches. Inhabiting desert scrub, grasslands, and rocky areas, this nocturnal and terrestrial snake primarily preys on rodents, birds, and lizards. It reproduces through ovoviviparity, giving birth to 4-12 live young. Its venom is a potent blend of neurotoxins and hemotoxins, but its conservation status is listed as least concern.

39. Northern Pacific Rattlesnake

The Northern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus) is a species of venomous snake that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Sporting a brown or olive body with dark bands, its habitat consists of dry forests, grasslands, scrublands, and rocky areas. This ambush predator hunts small mammals, birds, and lizards at night during summer months, and prefers daytime in cooler seasons. Egg-laying occurs in clutches of 4-21, and its hemotoxic venom is potent. The species’ conservation status is currently of least concern.

40. Northern Rubber Boa

The Northern Rubber Boa (Charina bottae) is a non-venomous snake species that can grow up to 33 inches (84 cm) in length. It is characterized by its uniform brown color and lighter ventral surface. These secretive, nocturnal reptiles dwell in various habitats, including forests, grasslands, chaparral, and shrublands. The docile Northern Rubber Boa primarily feeds on rodents, small mammals, and reptile eggs. They reproduce through live birth, typically delivering 1-9 offspring per litter. Their conservation status is least concern.

41. Northwestern Garter Snake

The Northwestern Garter Snake (Thamnophis ordinoides) is a medium-sized snake species found in grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and coastal areas. Growing up to 43 inches (1.1 meters) in length, it features black, brown, or green colors with distinctive stripes and spots. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, it actively hunts slugs, worms, and small amphibians during the day. Northwestern Garter Snakes are live-bearing, producing 3-16 babies per litter. Though mildly venomous, their bites pose no harm to humans. Their conservation status is currently listed as “Least Concern.”

42. Northwestern Ringneck Snake

The Northwestern Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus occidentalis) is a small, nocturnal serpent measuring 12-18 inches in length. Its distinctive coloration includes an olive, gray, or brown body with an orange or yellow ring around its neck. Preferring wooded areas, grasslands, and rocky habitats, this secretive snake feasts on a diet of slugs, insects, salamanders, and small snakes. Northwestern Ringneck Snakes lay eggs in clutches of 3-10 and possess mild venom harmless to humans. Their conservation status is listed as least concern.

43. Oregon Gartersnake

The Oregon Gartersnake (Thamnophis atratus hydrophilus) is a non-venomous reptile that grows up to 36 inches (91.5 cm) in length. Its body displays dark olive, green, or black hues with a narrow central stripe. Found in aquatic habitats like ponds, marshes, and slow-moving streams, this diurnal and semi-aquatic species feeds on fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. The Oregon Gartersnake is live-bearing, producing 10-20 offspring per litter. Currently, its conservation status is listed as least concern.

44. Pacific Gophersnake

The Pacific Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) in length. Its body is covered in yellow or light brown scales, adorned with dark blotches. Primarily found in grasslands, woodlands, deserts, and farmlands, this diurnal and ground-dwelling snake feeds on rodents, birds, and eggs. Females lay eggs in clutches of 2-24 during the breeding season. With a conservation status of ‘Least Concern’, Pacific Gophersnakes are not currently endangered.

45. Pacific Ringneck Snake

The Pacific Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus amabilis) is a small reptile measuring 12-34 inches in length, with distinct gray, brown, or greenish-black coloring and a vibrant yellow or orange ring around its neck. Inhabiting forests, grasslands, and wetland edges, this nocturnal and secretive snake primarily feeds on slugs, worms, and small salamanders. It reproduces by laying clutches of 3-10 eggs. Though mildly venomous, it poses no threat to humans. The species is listed as of least concern in conservation status.

46. Panamint Rattlesnake

The Panamint Rattlesnake (Crotalus stephensi) is a venomous snake found in desert and mountainous regions, thriving in rocky habitats. Measuring up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in length, its coloration ranges from gray, light brown, to pinkish with dark brown diamond-shaped markings. As nocturnal and terrestrial predators, their diet consists of rodents, small mammals, and lizards. These ovoviviparous reptiles produce 5-12 live offspring, equipped with potent hemotoxic venom. Currently, their conservation status is listed as least concern.

47. Red Diamond Rattlesnake

The Red Diamond Rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber) is a large snake that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. Characterized by its reddish-brown color and dark diamond-shaped blotches, it inhabits desert, scrub, and rocky areas. This primarily nocturnal snake feeds on rodents, rabbits, and other small mammals, and has hemotoxic venom. Red Diamond Rattlesnakes are ovoviviparous, giving birth to 4-18 live young. Their conservation status is listed as least concern.

48. Red Racer

The Red Racer (Coluber constrictor) is a non-venomous snake, commonly found in deserts, grasslands, woodlands, and coastal dunes. Reaching up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length, its reddish-orange scales contrast with a cream or white underside. This diurnal and terrestrial snake is known for its active behavior during the day, primarily feeding on rodents, lizards, and birds. Red Racers reproduce by laying egg clutches consisting of 3-11 eggs. Their conservation status is currently listed as least concern.

49. Regal Ringneck Snake

The Regal Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus regalis) is a 10-24 inches long snake characterized by its dark gray/black color and distinctive yellow or orange neck ring. Preferring woodlands, grasslands, and chaparral habitats, this nocturnal, secretive, and burrow-dwelling creature feeds on earthworms, slugs, small salamanders, and insects. Reproduction involves laying egg clutches of 3-10. Despite possessing weak venom, it poses no danger to humans. Its conservation status is currently classified as least concern.

50. Rosy Boa

The Rosy Boa (Lichanura trivirgata) is a non-venomous snake known for its distinctive tan, brown, or gray body with darker bands. Measuring up to 3-4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters) in length, these reptiles inhabit rocky habitats, grasslands, and desert areas. As nocturnal and ground-dwelling creatures, they primarily feed on small mammals, lizards, and birds. Rosy Boas are live-bearing snakes, giving birth to 4-12 young in a single litter. Their conservation status is listed as least concern.

51. San Bernardino Ringneck Snake

The San Bernardino Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus modestus) is a mildly venomous and elusive reptile, measuring 14-36 inches (36-91 cm) in length. Featuring a black or dark brown coloration with a distinctive yellow or orange ring at its neck, this nocturnal species inhabits chaparral, woodlands, and forests. Its diet comprises small arthropods, lizards, and amphibians, and females lay eggs in clutches of 2-10. Although venomous, the snake is harmless to humans, and its conservation status is classified as least concern.

52. San Diego Gophersnake

The San Diego Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer annectens) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) in length. It displays a pale brown, yellow, or cream coloration with dark brown, black, or gray blotches. This species can be found in various habitats such as coastal sage scrub, chaparral, woodlands, grasslands, and farmland. Being diurnal and terrestrial creatures, they are also adept climbers. Their diet consists of small mammals, birds, and eggs. Reproduction involves laying eggs in clutches of 2-24. Currently, their conservation status is listed as least concern.

53. San Diego Nightsnake

The San Diego Nightsnake (Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha klauberi) is a mildly venomous snake that grows up to 26 inches (66 cm) in length. It features a light gray or brown coloration, adorned with dark blotches. This nocturnal and terrestrial species inhabits coastal areas, deserts, and grasslands. Its diet consists mainly of lizards and small snakes, with occasional rodents. Reproduction involves egg-laying in clutches of 2-9. Though venomous, its bite is not harmful to humans, and its conservation status is considered ‘least concern’.

54. San Diego Ringneck Snake

The San Diego Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus similis) is a small snake species measuring 14-20 inches (36-51 cm) in length. They have distinctive yellow, orange, or red rings on their gray, olive, or black bodies. These nocturnal and secretive creatures inhabit grasslands, chaparral, woodlands, and moist environments, hiding under debris or burrowing during the day. Their diet consists of insects, slugs, worms, and small amphibians. Reproduction occurs in summer, with females laying 2-10 eggs. While mildly venomous, their venom poses no danger to humans. The species’ conservation status is listed as least concern.

55. San Francisco Gartersnake

The San Francisco Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) is a strikingly colorful, non-venomous snake that can grow up to 3 feet (0.9 meters) long. Its vivid blue, orange, and red hues are adorned with dark stripes, making it visually appealing. This diurnal, terrestrial species can be found in marshes, ponds, and wet grasslands, where it primarily feeds on frogs, tadpoles, and fish. As an ovoviviparous reptile, it gives birth to 5-25 live young. Unfortunately, the San Francisco Gartersnake is currently classified as endangered.

56. San Joaquin Coachwhip

The San Joaquin Coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum ruddocki) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) in length. With a light brown or pinkish body and a slightly darker head, it’s commonly found in grasslands, shrublands, and oak woodlands of California. As a diurnal and terrestrial creature, it’s known for its fast-moving behavior. It primarily feeds on lizards, small rodents, birds, and insects. The snake reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 3-12 and is currently considered vulnerable in terms of conservation status.

57. Santa Cruz Garter Snake

The Santa Cruz Garter Snake (Thamnophis atratus atratus) is a near-threatened species ranging from 18-43 inches (45-109 cm) in size, with a striking coloration of black or dark olive and three vibrant yellow or blue stripes. This diurnal, highly aquatic reptile inhabits coastal creeks, ponds, wetlands, and occasionally forests. Its diet mainly consists of aquatic invertebrates, amphibians, and fish. Mating takes place in spring, and live birth is given to 1-83 young. Although mildly venomous, its venom poses no harm to humans.

58. Santa Cruz Island Gophersnake

The Santa Cruz Island Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer pumilis) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. It is characterized by its orange or reddish-brown coloration, adorned with dark blotches. Known for its diurnal, terrestrial, and non-aggressive behavior, this species inhabits grasslands, coastal scrub, and woodlands. The snake primarily feeds on rodents, birds, and eggs. Reproduction involves laying eggs in clutches of 2-25. Its conservation status is currently unassessed.

59. Sierra Garter Snake

The Sierra Garter Snake (Thamnophis couchii) is a moderately sized snake, growing up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in length. Its coloration features a mix of tan, brown, or olive with striking yellow or orange stripes. Commonly found in riparian habitats, lakes, and mountain streams of California, this diurnal and mostly aquatic species feeds on fish, tadpoles, and amphibian larvae. Sierra Garter Snakes are mildly venomous; however, they pose no threat to humans. They reproduce by giving birth to live young, with 5-30 offspring per litter. Currently, their conservation status is classified as least concern.

60. Smith’s Black-Headed Snake

Smith’s Black-Headed Snake (Tantilla hobartsmithi) is a small, slender reptile measuring 10-20 inches (25-51 cm) in length. Distinguished by its black head and vibrant yellow, orange, or reddish body, it inhabits various ecosystems, including grasslands, shrublands, deserts, and forests. As a diurnal and secretive creature, it preys on centipedes, scorpions, spiders, and insects. The non-venomous snake lays eggs in small clutches and has a conservation status listed as “Least Concern”.

61. Sonoran Gophersnake

The Sonoran Gophersnake (Pituophis catenifer affinis) is a non-venomous reptile that can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) in length. With a light brown or tan base color and dark brown or black blotches, this snake is easily recognizable. Found in deserts, grasslands, and woodlands, it is diurnal, terrestrial, and skilled at climbing. Its diet consists mainly of rodents, birds, and eggs. During reproduction, females lay clutches of 3-12 eggs. Thankfully, the species is listed under “Least Concern” in terms of conservation status.

62. Sonoran Lyre Snake

The Sonoran Lyre Snake (Trimorphodon lambda) is a nocturnal and terrestrial reptile that can grow up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) in length. With gray or brown coloring and distinctive dark bands, this snake inhabits deserts, rocky canyons, and shrublands. Its diet primarily consists of rodents, lizards, and bats. The Sonoran Lyre Snake reproduces by laying eggs in clutches of 2-12. Although it possesses mild venom, it is not harmful to humans. Currently, this species holds a conservation status of least concern.

63. Southern Pacific Rattlesnake

The Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri) is a venomous species that can grow up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. It can be identified by its gray or brown coloration and dark diamond-shaped markings. This nocturnal, terrestrial snake inhabits various environments, including grasslands, coastal sage scrub, forests, and deserts, and may also climb trees and bushes. Its diet consists of small mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles. Southern Pacific Rattlesnakes reproduce by giving birth to 5-12 live young. Although their venom can be dangerous to humans, they are listed as a species of least concern in regards to conservation efforts.

64. Southern Rubber Boa

The Southern Rubber Boa (Charina umbratica) is a non-venomous constrictor snake native to forested and rocky habitats, growing up to 2 feet (61 cm) long. With a color range of pale yellow to dark brown, these elusive, nocturnal snakes are often mistaken for rubber toys. An expert burrower, the Southern Rubber Boa preys primarily on mammals, lizards, and bird eggs. As a live-bearing species, females give birth to 2-8 young at a time. Its conservation status remains data deficient.

65. Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake

The Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake (Crotalus pyrrhus) is a species of venomous snake found in deserts, grasslands, and rocky hillsides of the Southwest United States. Reaching lengths of up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) and displaying gray, tan, or pinkish coloration with dark speckles and bands, this nocturnal ambush predator primarily feeds on small mammals, lizards, and birds. They give birth to live young, with 4-23 offspring per litter, and possess potentially dangerous hemotoxic venom. Their conservation status is listed as “least concern.”

66. Southwestern Threadsnake

The Southwestern Threadsnake (Leptotyphlops humilis) is a small serpentine species, reaching up to 10.6 inches (27 cm) in length. They are characterized by their gray or brown coloration with dark blotches. Found in various habitats including deserts, grasslands, and woodlands, these nocturnal creatures are underground burrowers that predominantly feed on ants, termites, and their larvae. This non-venomous snake lays eggs in clutches of 1-6 and currently has a conservation status of ‘least concern’.

67. Spotted Leaf-Nosed Snake

The Spotted Leaf-Nosed Snake (Phyllorhynchus decurtatus) is a small, non-venomous reptile, measuring up to 20 inches (50 cm) in size, with a tan or pale gray color and distinctive dark spots. This nocturnal and burrowing creature inhabits desert scrublands and sandy areas, where it actively hunts arthropods like insects and spiders. The species reproduces by laying clutches of 2-5 eggs, and is currently considered of the least concern in terms of conservation status.

68. Two-striped Garter Snake

The Two-striped Garter Snake (Thamnophis hammondii) is a diurnal, terrestrial, and semi-aquatic species that can grow up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in length. Primarily black or brown with yellow to orange stripes, it thrives in riparian habitats, streams, and other wet environments. Its diet consists of fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. The snake is viviparous, giving birth to live young in litters of 7-16. Though mildly venomous, it poses no threat to humans and currently has a conservation status of least concern.

69. Valley garter snake

The Valley Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans vagrans) is a mildly venomous, diurnal snake, reaching up to 43 inches in length. Featuring an array of brown, green, or olive hues and three distinct longitudinal stripes of yellow, blue, or white, these terrestrial creatures are commonly found in grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and near water sources. They feed primarily on earthworms, fish, amphibians, and invertebrates. Reproducing via live births, they typically produce 3-25 young per litter. Despite their venom, they pose no threat to humans, and their conservation status is of least concern.

70. Variable Ground Snake

The Variable Ground Snake (Atractus trilineatus) is a small, non-venomous snake measuring 8-14 inches (20-36 cm) in length. Its coloration varies between gray and brown, featuring three light-edged stripes on its back. Found in grassy, rocky habitats and tropical forests, this terrestrial reptile is secretive and elusive. Its diet consists of small amphibians and invertebrates. It reproduces by laying eggs in small clutches, but its conservation status has not yet been evaluated.

71. Wandering Garter Snake

Thamnophis elegans vagrans, commonly known as the Wandering Garter Snake, grows up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) and has a black or dark green color with yellow-white stripes. Inhabiting meadows, grasslands, and woodlands near water sources, these diurnal, terrestrial creatures primarily feed on earthworms, amphibians, and fish. The Wandering Garter Snake is a live-bearing species and produces 4-10 offspring, possesses mild venom harmless to humans, and holds a “Least Concern” conservation status.

72. Western Black-headed Snake

The Western Black-headed Snake (Tantilla planiceps) is a small, non-venomous reptile species, growing up to 15 inches in size. It features a distinct black head with a reddish-brown or gray body. Native to deserts, grasslands, and chaparral habitats, these nocturnal and secretive creatures primarily feed on insects, centipedes, and spiders. They reproduce by laying eggs, though the exact number is unknown. Currently, their conservation status is listed as least concern.

73. Western Diamondback Rattlesnake

The Western Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) is a large, gray-brown or pinkish-brown serpent adorned with diamond-shaped patterns. It can grow up to 7 feet (2.1 meters) long, and it inhabits deserts, grasslands, and scrublands. This nocturnal and terrestrial snake primarily preys on rodents, rabbits, and other small mammals. Reproduction involves live birth, yielding 4-25 young in each litter. Its potent hemotoxic venom is a notable characteristic. Fortunately, its conservation status remains at “Least Concern.”

74. Western Yellow-bellied Racer

The Western Yellow-bellied Racer (Coluber constrictor mormon) is a non-venomous snake that can grow up to 6 feet (1.8 meters) in length. It exhibits an olive green or blue-gray color with a distinguishing yellow belly. These fast-moving, diurnal reptiles are often found in North American grasslands, meadows, woodlands, and riparian areas. They primarily feed on rodents, frogs, lizards, insects, and occasionally birds that are commonly found in the state of California. The racer’s reproductive process involves laying clutches of 3-12 eggs. Their conservation status is currently listed as “Least Concern.”

75. Yellow-bellied Sea Snake

The Yellow-bellied Sea Snake (Hydrophis platurus) is a highly venomous but generally non-aggressive marine reptile. Measuring up to 3.3 feet (1 meter) in length, it has a distinct yellow belly and dark blue or black back. The species inhabits tropical and subtropical waters in both coastal and open sea environments. It primarily preys on fish and eels, and is ovoviviparous, producing 1-6 live offspring at sea. Despite its highly venomous, neurotoxic, and myotoxic venom, its conservation status remains of least concern.

Nearby States:

• Snakes in Colorado
• Snakes in Hawaii

Are There Any Similar Snake Species Found in Both California and Oregon?

California and Oregon share several similar snake species due to their neighboring habitats. Common snakes such as the Pacific gopher snake, Western rattlesnake, and common kingsnake are often found in both states. However, some unique species are specific to certain regions, including various snakes found in oregon’s particular climates.

Final Words

All the 75 snakes have truly opened our eyes to the fascinating world of snakes found in California. Who knew there were so many different types of these slithering reptiles, each with their own unique characteristics and habitats?

Not only did we get a chance to learn about some of the more common and well-known species, but we also delved into the lesser-known and often misunderstood ones.

So, the next time you’re out and about in California, keep an eye out for these incredible creatures, and let’s continue to appreciate and protect the diverse wildlife that makes our world so interesting!

Resources:

• Science Institute News | snake
• Ancient Scientific Basis of the “Great Serpent” from …
• This Terrifying Brazilian Island Has the Highest …
• The Caduceus vs. Staff of Aesculapius – One Snake or Two?